What it pays
Government survey numbers — not estimates, not ads.
Half of all Economists in the U.S. earn more than $124,720 a year — the middle 80% land between $67,360 and $238,060. About 17,790 people in the U.S. do this work. Figures are for the U.S. occupation group “Economists”. (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics survey, published 2025.) In India, Professionals earn about ₹38,298 a month on average — around ₹4.6 lakh a year (government PLFS survey via ILOSTAT, occupation-family figure).
$124,720typical pay / year
17,790people in this work
$238,060+top 10% earn
₹4.6 lakha year in India (family avg)
Think you get this job?Six quick questions on how it really works — with a hint and the reason behind every answer.
Test yourself →The work, task by task
These are the real jobs-to-be-done, not a wish list. Each task shows where we found it, and the prompt underneath is written for that exact task.
Analysing2
Analyse statistical data
+Analyse the quarterly sales and booking datasets to test seasonality and price elasticity, run hypothesis…
Analyse statistical data
+Analyse the quarterly sales and booking datasets to test seasonality and price elasticity, run hypothesis tests and regression diagnostics, flag anomalous segments with p-values under 0.05, and produce a one-page summary of implications for revenue forecasting by Thursday noon.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsESCOjob descriptions
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Analyze market activity and trends
+Compile the last five years of sectoral sales and pricing series, calculate moving averages and seasonally…
Analyze market activity and trends
+Compile the last five years of sectoral sales and pricing series, calculate moving averages and seasonally adjust where needed, identify emerging patterns and flag anomalies, then deliver a concise market-trends brief with charts to the trading desk by end of day.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Power BIjob descriptionsWikipedia
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Learning4
Write about economic policy
+Draft a 900-word memo arguing for a targeted subsidy change using recent demand elasticity estimates,…
Write about economic policy
+Draft a 900-word memo arguing for a targeted subsidy change using recent demand elasticity estimates, quantify expected fiscal impact under three macro scenarios, cite the model assumptions and data sources, and deliver to the policy director by next Tuesday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordESCOWikipedia
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Forecast economic trends
+Build a rolling three-year forecast of tax receipts using recent series on employment and consumption, fit…
Forecast economic trends
+Build a rolling three-year forecast of tax receipts using recent series on employment and consumption, fit ARIMA and a simple structural model, compare prediction intervals, and deliver a one-page note with numbers and assumptions to finance leadership on Monday morning.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft PowerPointESCOjob descriptionsWikipedia
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Evaluate policy impacts
+Estimate the fiscal impact of the proposed subsidy by constructing counterfactual revenue paths, run…
Evaluate policy impacts
+Estimate the fiscal impact of the proposed subsidy by constructing counterfactual revenue paths, run difference-in-differences with state and time fixed effects, test parallel trends, and produce a memo with estimated budgetary effects for the policy team by Wednesday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelIBM SPSS Statisticsjob descriptionsO*NETWikipedia
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Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.
+Prepare a two-hour lecture that explains general equilibrium intuition, presents worked examples of partial…
Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.
+Prepare a two-hour lecture that explains general equilibrium intuition, presents worked examples of partial versus general equilibrium, includes problem sets with data exercises, and upload slides and handouts to the course site two days before class.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ExcelESCOjob descriptionsO*NET
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The daily work14
Advise on product feasibility
+Estimate whether launching the new Tiered Subscription product will hit the 18% margin target within 12…
Advise on product feasibility
+Estimate whether launching the new Tiered Subscription product will hit the 18% margin target within 12 months by modelling uptake, churn, average revenue per user, and cost per acquisition under three scenarios, then recommend go/no-go with key sensitivities.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Power BIESCO
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Advise on tax policies
+Assess the revenue and incidence effects of the proposed city sales tax increase on our product line by…
Advise on tax policies
+Assess the revenue and incidence effects of the proposed city sales tax increase on our product line by estimating firm-level pass-through, modelling demand elasticity by segment, projecting fiscal year tax receipts, and recommending mitigations for lowest-income customers.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelIBM SPSS StatisticsESCO
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Study how societies allocate resources
+Compare public budget and household survey series across five countries for the last ten years, calculate…
Study how societies allocate resources
+Compare public budget and household survey series across five countries for the last ten years, calculate per-capita resource shares and Gini of public spending, flag anomalies and write a two-page methods note summarising data sources and limitations by next Wednesday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelIBM SPSS Statisticsjob descriptionsWikipedia
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Study international trade and global economics
+Assemble tariff schedules, trade flow tables and exchange-rate series for the EU, China, US and India for…
Study international trade and global economics
+Assemble tariff schedules, trade flow tables and exchange-rate series for the EU, China, US and India for 2015–2024, compute reveal comparative advantage and trade balance decompositions, visualise monthly trends and write three slide conclusions for the policy director.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft Power BIMicrosoft Exceljob descriptionsWikipedia
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Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
+Pull employment, wage and output series for the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, test for structural…
Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
+Pull employment, wage and output series for the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, test for structural breaks and correlation with subsidy programs, produce a regression table and a short executive summary for the finance team by Friday.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft ExcelO*NET
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Review documents written by others.
+Read the draft revenue forecast memo from Alec, check statistical assumptions, verify cited series and sample…
Review documents written by others.
+Read the draft revenue forecast memo from Alec, check statistical assumptions, verify cited series and sample periods, mark required corrections in the document and return it with a brief comment list to Alec by Thursday noon.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordO*NET
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Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
+Set up the summer research project: approve proposed student datasets, assign tasks to Maya and Jorge,…
Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
+Set up the summer research project: approve proposed student datasets, assign tasks to Maya and Jorge, schedule fortnightly check-ins, define deliverables and grading rubric, and email the plan and dataset links to students by Monday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft WordO*NET
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Provide litigation support, such as writing reports for expert testimony or testifying as an expert witness.
+Prepare an expert report for the Smith litigation: reproduce the revenue model, document assumptions and…
Provide litigation support, such as writing reports for expert testimony or testifying as an expert witness.
+Prepare an expert report for the Smith litigation: reproduce the revenue model, document assumptions and sensitivity checks, draft the main affidavit paragraphs and a one-page exhibit list for counsel by Friday afternoon.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordMicrosoft ExcelO*NET
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Forecast production and consumption of renewable resources and supply, consumption, and depletion of non-renewable resources.
+Forecast next five years of renewable production and consumption and non‑renewable supply, consumption, and…
Forecast production and consumption of renewable resources and supply, consumption, and depletion of non-renewable resources.
+Forecast next five years of renewable production and consumption and non‑renewable supply, consumption, and depletion for the national grid using historical monthly generation, fuel inventories, and demand elasticity inputs; flag scenarios where shortages exceed 7 percent and note key assumptions.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Power BIO*NET
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Collect financial and socioeconomic data
+Collect audited financial statements, regional GDP and unemployment series, utility billing records, and fuel…
Collect financial and socioeconomic data
+Collect audited financial statements, regional GDP and unemployment series, utility billing records, and fuel purchase invoices for 2018–2025, reconcile discrepancies, and produce a cleaned dataset with source citations and missing‑data flags for modeling.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Accessjob descriptions
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Communicate findings via reports and presentations
+Write a concise report and prepare a 12‑slide briefing that summarizes methodology, key findings, three…
Communicate findings via reports and presentations
+Write a concise report and prepare a 12‑slide briefing that summarizes methodology, key findings, three policy scenarios, and recommended actions for the CFO and the Energy Committee, with one appendix of model inputs and one slide of sensitivity results.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft Wordjob descriptions
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Participate in think tanks and publish research
+Draft a research paper for submission to the national energy think tank: state research question, literature…
Participate in think tanks and publish research
+Draft a research paper for submission to the national energy think tank: state research question, literature gaps, methodology, model code summary, results, and policy implications; include data appendix and suggested talk slides for the think tank seminar.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordIBM SPSS Statisticsjob descriptions
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Conduct financial statement analysis
+Perform horizontal and vertical analysis on the latest audited financial statements, compute profitability,…
Conduct financial statement analysis
+Perform horizontal and vertical analysis on the latest audited financial statements, compute profitability, liquidity, leverage ratios and trend regressions over five years, highlight anomalies and provide three explanations and recommended follow‑up checks.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelWikipedia
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Study trends
+Analyse demand, price and cost series to detect secular and cyclical trends over the past decade, decompose…
Study trends
+Analyse demand, price and cost series to detect secular and cyclical trends over the past decade, decompose into seasonality and structural breaks, produce charts showing inflection points and a short memo interpreting implications for next‑year revenue.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft ExcelESCO
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Built on public evidence: O*NET®, ESCO, Wikipedia, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, ILOSTAT. All sources & licenses