What it pays
Government survey numbers — not estimates, not ads.
Half of all Economists in the U.S. earn more than $124,720 a year — the middle 80% land between $67,360 and $238,060. About 17,790 people in the U.S. do this work. Figures are for the U.S. occupation group “Economists”. (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics survey, published 2025.) In India, Professionals earn about ₹38,298 a month on average — around ₹4.6 lakh a year (government PLFS survey via ILOSTAT, occupation-family figure).
$124,720typical pay / year
17,790people in this work
$238,060+top 10% earn
₹4.6 lakha year in India (family avg)
Think you get this job?Six quick questions on how it really works — with a hint and the reason behind every answer.
Test yourself →The work, task by task
These are the real jobs-to-be-done, not a wish list. Each task shows where we found it, and the prompt underneath is written for that exact task.
Analysing4
Forecast economic trends
+Produce a six-quarter forecast of employment, wages and vacancy rates for the retail sector using historical…
Forecast economic trends
+Produce a six-quarter forecast of employment, wages and vacancy rates for the retail sector using historical labour force and payroll series, document model assumptions, run scenario with a mild recession shock, and deliver a one-page note with headline forecasts and confidence bands.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelESCOjob descriptionsWikipedia
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Evaluate policy impacts
+Evaluate the impacts of the proposed minimum wage increase on employment, hours, and household incomes using…
Evaluate policy impacts
+Evaluate the impacts of the proposed minimum wage increase on employment, hours, and household incomes using difference-in-differences on administrative payroll data, test robustness with alternative controls, and produce a technical appendix with codebook and sensitivity tables.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft SQL ServerIBM SPSS Statisticsjob descriptionsO*NETWikipedia
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Analyze market activity and trends
+Produce a market activity report for the past three years that identifies shifts in employment, wages, and…
Analyze market activity and trends
+Produce a market activity report for the past three years that identifies shifts in employment, wages, and vacancy rates, decomposes drivers by industry and region, flags emerging sectors, and summarises implications for hiring policy in a two-page executive brief due next Monday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft Power BIMicrosoft Exceljob descriptionsWikipedia
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Analyse statistical data
+Clean and analyse the household survey microdata to estimate hourly wage distributions, run quantile…
Analyse statistical data
+Clean and analyse the household survey microdata to estimate hourly wage distributions, run quantile regressions controlling for education and experience, produce tables of coefficients with standard errors clustered by PSU, and deliver reproducible scripts plus a results summary by Thursday.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsESCOjob descriptions
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Learning2
Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.
+Design a three-week seminar for graduate students that teaches core labor economics theories, key empirical…
Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.
+Design a three-week seminar for graduate students that teaches core labor economics theories, key empirical methods, and problem sets that require deriving wage equations, running difference-in-differences, and interpreting policy counterfactuals; include reading list and two graded assignments due on Friday week three.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordMicrosoft ExcelESCOjob descriptionsO*NET
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Write about economic policy
+Draft a policy brief arguing for a phased minimum wage increase: present theoretical channels, summarise…
Write about economic policy
+Draft a policy brief arguing for a phased minimum wage increase: present theoretical channels, summarise evidence from three comparable countries, simulate employment and income effects under two scenarios, and finish a 1,000-word draft for departmental review by Wednesday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordMicrosoft ExcelESCOWikipedia
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The daily work14
Advise on product feasibility
+Estimate whether this new consumer appliance can sustain a profitable national rollout: model expected demand…
Advise on product feasibility
+Estimate whether this new consumer appliance can sustain a profitable national rollout: model expected demand by income decile, incorporate wage and unemployment elasticities, cost curves, and a two-year cashflow scenario, then recommend go/no-go with sensitivity runs.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft PowerPointESCO
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Advise on tax policies
+Assess the labor market effects of the proposed tax change: simulate employment and hours responses across…
Advise on tax policies
+Assess the labor market effects of the proposed tax change: simulate employment and hours responses across sectors using earnings elasticities, estimate distributional impacts by income percentile, calculate revenue and deadweight loss, and advise on mitigations.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft ExcelESCO
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Forecast production and consumption of renewable resources and supply, consumption, and depletion of non-renewable resources.
+Forecast annual production and household and industry consumption of renewable resources and annual supply,…
Forecast production and consumption of renewable resources and supply, consumption, and depletion of non-renewable resources.
+Forecast annual production and household and industry consumption of renewable resources and annual supply, consumption, and estimated depletion years for coal, oil, and natural gas for 2026–2035 using historical production series, reserve estimates, and projected demand scenarios; flag model sensitivities.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelO*NET
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Collect financial and socioeconomic data
+Assemble and clean quarterly financial, employment, and demographic data from national accounts, company…
Collect financial and socioeconomic data
+Assemble and clean quarterly financial, employment, and demographic data from national accounts, company filings, and bureau surveys for 2010–2025, merge into one longitudinal dataset with consistent industry codes and documented variable definitions.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Exceljob descriptions
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Communicate findings via reports and presentations
+Draft a clear report and 12‑slide presentation that explains methodology, key statistical findings,…
Communicate findings via reports and presentations
+Draft a clear report and 12‑slide presentation that explains methodology, key statistical findings, confidence intervals, and policy implications of the latest labor and resource analysis, include charts, executive summary, and one slide with recommended actions for the minister.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordMicrosoft PowerPointjob descriptions
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Participate in think tanks and publish research
+Prepare a paper for the think tank workshop: frame the research question, run the regression analyses with…
Participate in think tanks and publish research
+Prepare a paper for the think tank workshop: frame the research question, run the regression analyses with robustness checks, write methods and results sections, and draft a two‑page policy brief aimed at stakeholders and a submission-ready manuscript.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft Wordjob descriptions
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Conduct financial statement analysis
+Perform financial statement analysis on a sample of twenty energy firms: compute profitability, leverage,…
Conduct financial statement analysis
+Perform financial statement analysis on a sample of twenty energy firms: compute profitability, leverage, cash flow ratios, trend growth rates, and decompose changes in operating income over 2018–2024 with notes on extraordinary items.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft ExcelWikipedia
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Study trends
+Analyze labor and resource trends by producing rolling five‑year growth rates, seasonally adjusted employment…
Study trends
+Analyze labor and resource trends by producing rolling five‑year growth rates, seasonally adjusted employment series, and highlight three emerging patterns with statistical significance tests and a short memo interpreting likely causes.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft ExcelESCO
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Study how societies allocate resources
+Estimate how households, firms and government trade off consumption, investment and public goods this quarter…
Study how societies allocate resources
+Estimate how households, firms and government trade off consumption, investment and public goods this quarter by building a resource allocation model with the latest national accounts, calibrate parameters to 2018–2024 data, and produce a one‑page policy brief with key elasticities.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft Exceljob descriptionsWikipedia
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Study international trade and global economics
+Assemble trade flows and tariff schedules for the last decade, construct gravity and general equilibrium…
Study international trade and global economics
+Assemble trade flows and tariff schedules for the last decade, construct gravity and general equilibrium estimations, test openness effects on wages across countries, and draft a draft manuscript with tables and robustness checks for submission next month.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft Exceljob descriptionsWikipedia
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Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
+Collect and harmonize labor, finance and crop output microdata for my specialization, run descriptive…
Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
+Collect and harmonize labor, finance and crop output microdata for my specialization, run descriptive statistics and sectoral regressions, flag anomalies, and save a reproducible dataset and log of commands for peer review.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft SQL ServerIBM SPSS StatisticsO*NET
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Review documents written by others.
+Read the draft literature review, annotate methodological weaknesses and data gaps, produce a one‑page…
Review documents written by others.
+Read the draft literature review, annotate methodological weaknesses and data gaps, produce a one‑page critique with suggested robustness tests and a prioritized revision plan for the author by Friday.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft WordO*NET
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Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
+Set up weekly meetings, review each student's project plan and data strategy, assign deadlines for…
Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
+Set up weekly meetings, review each student's project plan and data strategy, assign deadlines for deliverables, and prepare a short evaluation template to monitor progress across the research team this semester.
The tools that do the workMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft WordO*NET
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Provide litigation support, such as writing reports for expert testimony or testifying as an expert witness.
+Draft an expert report quantifying lost earnings and labor market impacts in the case, run the supporting…
Provide litigation support, such as writing reports for expert testimony or testifying as an expert witness.
+Draft an expert report quantifying lost earnings and labor market impacts in the case, run the supporting regressions, produce clear exhibits for courtroom use, and prepare a one‑page sworn summary for the attorney within ten days.
The tools that do the workIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft WordO*NET
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Built on public evidence: O*NET®, ESCO, Wikipedia, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, ILOSTAT. All sources & licenses