| noun | a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality; ; ; --Joseph Conrad “they performed with great polish” |
| noun | the result of improving something “he described a refinement of this technique” |
| noun | the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.) |
| noun | a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude “without understanding the finer nuances you can't enjoy the humor” |
| noun | the quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste “a man of intellectual refinement” |
| polish | verb | improve or perfect by pruning or polishing |
| refine | verb | improve or perfect by pruning or polishing |
| cultivate | verb | teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment |
| elaborate | verb | make more complex, intricate, or richer |
| purify | verb | remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation |
| civilize | verb | teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment |
| civilise | verb | teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment |