| adjective | more than is needed, desired, or required “trying to lose excess weight” |
| adjective | repetition of same sense in different words; ; ; - J.B.Conant “`a true fact' and `a free gift' are pleonastic expressions” |
| redundance | noun | the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded |
| redundancy | noun | repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission |
| superfluity | noun | extreme excess |
| supernumerary | noun | a person serving no apparent function |
| pleonasm | noun | using more words than necessary |
| tautology | noun | useless repetition |